Ovarian Remnant Syndrome in Pets: What You Need to Know?

Description

Ovarian Remnant Syndrome (ORS) is a rare but significant condition that can affect pets, particularly female cats and dog
s that have undergone spaying (ovariohysterectomy). This condition occurs when a small piece of ovarian tissue is left behind
during the spaying procedure, allowing the pet to continue experiencing heat cycles and associated symptoms despite being “spayed.”

What is Ovarian Remnant Syndrome?

Ovarian Remnant Syndrome occurs when a small portion of the ovary is not completely removed during spaying surgery. This leftover
ovarian tissue can become reactivated over time, releasing hormones that cause the pet to continue going into heat, even though
the uterus has been removed.

Spaying is intended to stop the reproductive cycle in female pets, so when ORS occurs, it can be confusing and concerning for pet
owners. Although spaying typically prevents the production of estrogen and progesterone, which control a pet’s reproductive cycle,
any remnant ovarian tissue can still produce these hormones.

How Does Ovarian Remnant Syndrome Happen?

Inadvertent Retention of Ovarian Tissue:
Ectopic Ovarian Tissue
Re-growth of Ovarian Tissue

Symptoms of Ovarian Remnant Syndrome in Pets

Swollen Vulva
Behavioral Changes
Vaginal Discharge
It’s important to note that ORS can appear weeks, months, or even years after a spay surgery, making it difficult for some
pet owners to recognize that these symptoms are linked to incomplete removal of ovarian tissue.

Diagnosing Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

History and Physical Exam
Hormonal Testing
Vaginal Cytology
Ultrasound
Hormone Stimulation Tests

Treatment Options for Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

The only effective treatment for ovarian remnant syndrome is surgery to remove the remaining ovarian tissue.
This is called an ovarian remnant removal surgery. The procedure requires careful exploration of the abdomen to
locate and excise any remnants of ovarian tissue.

Because ovarian remnants can be difficult to detect, this surgery is often more complex than the initial spaying procedure.
However, once the remaining tissue is Fully removed, the pet will no longer experience heat cycles.

Complications and Risks of ORS

If left untreated, ORS can lead to complications. The ongoing hormone production can cause:

Pyometra: While a spayed dog or cat doesn’t have a uterus, persistent hormone production can lead to pyometra,
an infection of any remaining reproductive tissue, which is a life-threatening condition.
Increased Cancer Risk: Prolonged exposure to estrogen can increase the risk of certain cancers in female dogs and cats.
Behavioral Issues: Recurring heat cycles can cause behavioral changes such as aggression or anxiety in some pets.

After surgery, the vet will typically monitor hormone levels to ensure that the remaining tissue has been completely removed.

Preventing Ovarian Remnant Syndrome

ORS is largely a surgical complication, so the most important way to prevent it is to ensure that the initial spaying procedure
is done by an experienced and skilled veterinarian. While it’s a rare occurrence, discussing the risks with your vet before surgery
and ensuring a thorough spay procedure can help reduce the likelihood of ORS.

Ovarian Remnant Syndrome is a rare but serious condition in spayed female dogs and cats that can cause them to continue
experiencing heat cycles. It is caused by leftover ovarian tissue that was not completely removed during the spay surgery.
While the symptoms can be troubling, the condition is treatable through additional surgery.

If you suspect your pet might have ORS, it’s important to seek veterinary advice. Early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent
further complications and ensure your pet’s long-term health and well-being.